how-explain-cdhp-clients

Lauren Hargrave - Headshot

open-a-health-savings-account

hsa-rollover-what-you-need-to-know

leslie headshot

5-quick-ways-measure-hsa-success

Renee - Headshot

using-benefits-wisely

ben-luthi

hra-vs.-hsa.png

hsa-overcontribution.jpg

HRA (Health Reimbursement Account)

Open Enrollment

HSA Account Rules

Lauren Hargrave is a writer from San Francisco who focuses on technology, finance and wellness. She follows comedians like most people follow bands and believes an outdoor sweat session can cure almost any bad mood. She’s also been writing her first novel for so long, her mom doesn’t ask about it anymore.

Lauren Hargrave

Employee Benefits

CDHP (Consumer Driven Health Plan)

have or was offered job-based insurance?

 Once qualified, you can open an HSA account anytime you want. Learn how today.

How to Open a Health Savings Account (HSA) Outside of Open Enrollment

FSA (Flexible Spending Account)

How do you measure HSA success? These 5 questions will optimize your clients’ time, savings, and satisfaction for all.

5 Quick Ways to Measure HSA Success: Client’s HSA Program

Renée knows that the healthcare industry is complicated. With so many options, choosing the right path can be unnecessarily complex. At Lively, she employs storytelling to make it easier for you to make informed healthcare and financial decisions. When she's not writing, she's flexing her green thumb.

Renee Sazci

HSA Max Contributions

Let’s take a look at Health Reimbursement Accounts (HRAs) and Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) and see how each can help you save for healthcare.

HSA vs HRA Plan: Which is Better for Individuals and Families?

HSA Investment

Benefits

Learn how to deal with excess contributions to your HSA to avoid taxes and penalties. 

How to Handle Excess Contributions to Your HSA

An HSA rollover lets you take advantage of better features and lower costs. Here are your options to do it. 

HSA Rollover: What You Need to Know

Healthcare Benefits

Explaining the CDHP doesn’t need to be complicated. Download this visual guide for definitions, requirements, and facts.

[Infographic] How to Explain the CDHP to Clients

Ben is a Freelance Content Specialist who specializes in personal finance and travel. Ben’s work can be seen in publications such as NerdWallet, Experian, Wirecutter, Credit Karma, and Bank Rate. When he’s not writing, you can find him trying new foods, hiking, and spending time with his kids.

Ben Luthi

HSA (Health Savings Account)

Leslie is a Freelance Content Specialist who focuses primarily on the backend of start-up life. With experience in things ranging from healthcare to payroll, Leslie has brought her experience to many start-ups, including Brex, Gusto, Homebase, and Wonolo. When she's not writing, you can find her reading our out on a hike. 

Leslie Harding

__Editor's Note:__ This blog post was originally published on October 4, 2018. We have edited content with more up-to-date information. 

---

The notion that healthcare costs are on the rise is ubiquitous. What’s not as obvious is what you as a consumer can do about it. It can see like the options are limited. That’s when opening either a Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA) or a Health Savings Account (HSA) can help you.

Both of these accounts can be used to pay for qualified medical expenses. But which account is better for you as an individual, or for your family? It’s going to depend on your specific needs. Let’s start with the basics.

## What is an HRA?

A [health reimbursement arrangement](https://livelyme.com/what-is-an-hra/) (HRA) is an employer-funded account from which employees can reimburse their out-of-pocket medical expenses. It can give you flexibility in terms of health insurance since it’s not tied to a particular plan.  Sometimes you can even use your HRA to pay for your health insurance premiums, depending on which type of HRA your employer offers.

Your employer can choose to allow your HRA contributions to rollover to the following year. Or allow you access to your balance once you retire or leave the company for another reason.

There are four different types of HRAs: 

1. __Group HRA__: This type of HRA is offered as part of an employer-sponsored group health plan. Your employer funds the account and from it you can reimburse yourself for qualified medical expenses.
2. __Individual Coverage HRA (ICHRA)__: Employees may use deposits to pay for health insurance premiums as well as qualified medical expenses. This enables employees to purchase their own health plans in the private market.
3. __Excepted Benefit HRA (EBHRA)__: You can use deposits for out-of-pocket expenses related to dental, vision, short-term disability, etc. 
4. __Qualified Small Employer HRA (QSEHRA)__: If your employer has fewer than 50 employees, they might offer this type of HRA. It helps employees buy health insurance plans in the private market and pay for other employer-approved expenses.

### The Benefits of an HRA

- You don’t need to buy a specific health insurance plan so you’re free to choose the one that works for you and your family. 
- Employers can make unlimited contributions to: Group HRAs, ICHRAs, and EBHRAs. Qualified Small Employer HRAs, do have contribution limits: $5,050 for individuals and $10,250 for families. 
- Can be paired with a [Flexible Spending Account](https://livelyme.com/how-does-an-fsa-work) (FSA).

## What is an HSA?

A [health savings account](https://livelyme.com/what-is-hsa) (HSA), is a savings account into which you, your employer or anyone else can deposit money tax-free. You can use this money to pay for qualified medical expenses directly by using the provided debit card. You can also reimburse yourself for expenses you paid for using your personal checking or savings accounts or credit card.

To qualify to open and contribute to an HSA you must also enroll in a [High Deductible Health Plan](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp/) (HDHP). If your employer doesn’t offer an HSA or an HDHP, you can buy both in the private marketplace.

In 2021 the annual contribution limits for HSAs are: $3,600 for individuals and $7,200 for families. Any unused contributions roll over to the following plan year and never expire. Meaning you can even take your savings into retirement. 

### The Benefits of an HSA

- __Multiple sources of contributions__. You, your employer, relatives or anyone else can contribute to your HSA.
- __Tax-free contributions__. You won’t pay federal income taxes, (most) state income taxes, or payroll taxes (FICA) on deposits taken directly from your paycheck. If your employer makes contributions, that money is not included in your gross income.
- __Tax-deductible contributions__. Any contribution made with after-tax dollars can be deducted from your gross income.
- __Tax-free distributions__.  If you use your HSA funds for a qualified medical expense, you will not have to pay taxes - ever. 
- __Your contributions never expire (even those made by your employer)__. This allows you to use your HSA as a retirement account. 
- __You can invest your contributions__. Plus, your funds can gain interest tax-free.
- __Make changes anytime__. You can start an HSA, change the amount you’re contributing or stop contributions altogether at any time during the year. You don’t have to wait for open enrollment.

## HRA vs. HSA: Which is Better for Me or My Family?

To decide between an HRA and an HSA, look at your specific circumstances. Each account has different pros and cons, and every family has a different situation. Here are a few things to consider for each type of account:

### When You Should Choose an HRA

1. __You really want to keep your doctor__. If using your employer’s health insurance plan won’t allow you to do that, you could choose an HRA over their health insurance plan. Whether it's a specialist or a pediatrician you love, sometimes keeping your doctor is important. If your employer offers an ICHRA or a QSEHRA, you could use it to buy a health insurance plan that allows you to keep your doctor.
2. __Your employer’s health insurance plan is inadequate for your needs__. If your out-of-pocket expenses are too high, you could use a Group HRA to help pay for them. Or you could use an ICHRA or a QSEHRA to buy a health insurance plan that works better for you.  
3. __Your medical expenses don’t change much from year-to-year__. Consistent expenses make it easy to plan how you'll use your HRA money.
4. __A HDHP won’t work for you or your family__. One drawback to high deductible health plans is the high deductible. If you’re not sure you can afford it, then an HRA and a more comprehensive health plan might be more suitable for your family.

### When You Should Choose an HSA

1. __You want to lower your monthly health insurance premium__. HDHPs typically have lower monthly premiums than other health plans. You can deposit the money you save on your monthly premium into your HSA tax-free. Then use it to help pay for your deductible or other qualified medical expenses.
2. __You rarely go to the doctor__. If you rarely use the medical system outside of preventative care (vaccines count as preventative care), then an HDHP/HSA combo might work for you.
3. __You can afford to put your own money into a health savings account__. Contributing your own money could allow you to save up for larger medical expenses down the road. Remember, HSA contributions never expire!
4. __You want to use your account to save for retirement__. Once you turn 65, your HSA works like a traditional retirement account. You can still use distributions tax-free for medical expenses, but you can also use them for things like groceries. It’s important to note that you will pay income tax on any disbursements you use for non-medical related expenses.
5. __You want to invest your deposits__. Investing is a great way to make passive income and to grow your HSA balance.
6. __You want flexibility on the timing of your deposits__. Maybe you get a year-end bonus and you want to deposit a portion of that into your HSA. Maybe you have major medical expenses for which you want a tax-free way to save. HSAs allow you to change the amount you contribute at any time, so you can deposit money when you have it (or need it), and forgo deposits when you don’t.

To decide between an HRA and an HSA, you’ll have to answer the following questions for your unique situation: 

- Why do I want to use one? 
- What will put me and/or my family in the best health and financial situation?
- Do the rewards of either account outweigh the potential risks or vice versa?

Both HRAs and HSAs can provide enormous benefits to the consumer. If you have questions about your specific employer-sponsored account, health plan or how these plans might affect your situation, reach out to your Human Resources department.


When you introduce a Consumer-Driven Health Plan (CDHP) to clients for the first time, how do you explain it? Are you consistent with your definitions, requirements and rules, and the essential facts? And can you find them all located in one convenient spot?

To help cut down on the time spent searching and condensing the essentials of CDHPs, we’ve created this quick-reference visual guide.

## How to Explain the CDHP to Clients Infographic: Quick Reference Definitions and Facts Clients Need to Know

Continue scrolling to view the entire How to Explain the CDHP to Clients infographic. And for helpful links for further reading.

[![how-to-explain-cdhp-clients-infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/4axvFFDNQzfToNYXgqYMzg/e51006fe231edccb1fe37e9c02b200f5/how-to-explain-cdhp-clients-infographic.jpg)](https://assets.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/ehUt4Hq5RwUbX2tKGDqnR/de7dffe8fc4a18fb9fa19c70a5d4567d/Explain_CDHP_Clients_Infographic_Lively_HSA.pdf)

### The Consumer-Driven Health Plan Equation

A [Consumer-Driven Health Plan](https://livelyme.com/broker-guide-cdhp) (CDHP) is a qualifying High-Deductible Health Plan (HDHP) paired with a tax-advantaged Health Savings Account (HSA) or Flexible Spending Account (FSA).

### HSA-Qualifying High-Deductible Health Plan

A [High-Deductible Health Plan](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp) (HDHP) is a health plan defined by a lower monthly premium and a higher deductible. __An HSA-qualifying HDHP has a minimum deductible and a maximum for out-of-pocket expenses.__

#### 2021 HSA-Qualifying HDHP

An HSA-qualifying HDHP for an individual health plan has a $1,400 minimum deductible and a maximum out-of-pocket limit of $7,000. An HSA-qualifying family health plan has a $2,800 minimum deductible and $14,000 maximum out-of-pocket limit. 

#### 5 HDHP Facts Clients Need to Know

1. An HDHP is a health plan defined by a lower monthly premium and a higher deductible.
2. All preventive care is covered before the deductible. 
3. Not all HDHPs can work with an HSA and be a CDHP. Check the HDHP plan to make sure it meets the IRS guidelines.
4. An HSA-qualifying HDHP has a minimum deductible and a maximum for out-of-pocket expenses.
5. The individual pays for healthcare costs, up to the deductible, before insurance pays for services.

## Tax-Advantaged Accounts: HSA & FSA

### Health Savings Account
__A [Health Savings Account](https://livelyme.com/what-is-hsa) (HSA) is a savings account that allows the account holder to set aside money on a pre-tax basis to pay for qualified medical expenses.__ The contributions are tax-deductible and never expire. So they can be saved to build a healthcare safety net, for use during retirement, or to help pay for yearly expected medical costs. 

#### 6 Requirements to Open & Contribute to an HSA

1. Enrolled in an [HSA-qualifying HDHP](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp). 
2. No other supplemental health insurance coverage. 
3. Must not be eligible for or enrolled in Medicare (Part A and Part B) or Medicaid.
4. Must be under the age of 65.
5. An employee can’t be claimed as a dependent on someone else’s tax return. 
6. An employee with a [Healthcare FSA](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-healthcare-fsa) (HCFSA) can’t open or contribute to an HSA. HSA account holders are allowed to have a [Limited-Purpose FSA](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-limited-purpose-fsa) (LPFSA) for dental and vision if the HDHP doesn’t cover those services.

#### 2021 Contribution Limits for Individuals and Family Health Plan Coverage

An individual under the age of 55 can contribute up to $3,600, while those enrolled in a family health plan can contribute up to $7,200. Those aged 55 or older can contribute an extra $1,000—in addition to the individual or family health plan [contribution limits](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide#maximizing-your-savings).

#### 5 HSA Facts Clients Need to Know

1. There are six criteria for qualifying for opening and contributing to an HSA.
2. An HSA offers triple tax savings: pre-tax or tax-deductible contributions, tax-free interest and investment earnings, and tax-free distributions for qualified medical expenses.
3. The IRS determines the amount of money that can be contributed annually.
4. The account holder, employer, and basically anyone (even friends and family) can contribute money to an HSA. 
5. The contributions are tax-deductible and never expire. So they can be saved to build a healthcare safety net, for use during retirement, or to help pay for yearly expected medical costs.

### Flexible Spending Account

__A [Flexible Spending Account](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-healthcare-fsa) (FSA)—also known as a medical FSA or healthcare FSA—is an employer-provided spending account for eligible medical expenses in which the annual funds are available on the first day of the benefit year.__ This enables employees access to funds upfront rather than waiting for them to accumulate. Pre-tax dollars are put aside from each paycheck for the FSA.

<h4 id="2-healthcare-fsa-eligibility-rules"> 2 Healthcare FSA Eligibility Rules</h4>

1. Employees can’t contribute to a Healthcare FSA and an HSA at the same time.
2. The FSA doesn’t need to be paired with a specific health insurance plan, like an HDHP.

#### Special Considerations for 2021

The [Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021](https://livelyme.com/blog/employer/consolidated-appropriations-act-2021) bill modified how Healthcare FSAs can be administered for the plan year ending in 2021. Each of these changes are at the discretion of the employer and must be reflected in updated plan documents:

- [Flexible Spending Accounts](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-healthcare-fsa) may permit full carryover of unused amounts or a 12-month grace period with no penalty.
- An employee ending their Healthcare FSA participation may spend unused funds for the remainder of the plan year.
- Employers may permit employees to change elections without experiencing a qualifying life event.
- Employers may make retroactive amendments to accommodate any of these changes to the rules.

#### 2021 Healthcare FSA Contribution Limit

The maximum per person contribution to a Healthcare FSA is $2,750 and the maximum allowable carryover is $500.

#### 5 Healthcare FSA Facts Clients Need to Know

1. An FSA—also known as a medical FSA or healthcare FSA—is an employer-provided spending account.
2. There are [two eligibility rules](#2-healthcare-fsa-eligibility-rules) for opening and contributing to a Healthcare FSA.
3. Pre-tax dollars are put aside from each paycheck for the Healthcare FSA, and the employer may also choose to contribute. 
4. Funds are used to pay for qualifying expenses, such as medical care, health-related products, and other services.
5. If the employee has a balance at the end of the year, the employer can provide a rollover or grace period. If neither option is available or used, the funds are forfeited to the employer.
6. See [Special Considerations for 2021](https://livelyme.com/blog/employer/consolidated-appropriations-act-2021) for possible Healthcare FSA modifications. 

*__[Download our infographic in PDF](https://assets.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/ehUt4Hq5RwUbX2tKGDqnR/de7dffe8fc4a18fb9fa19c70a5d4567d/Explain_CDHP_Clients_Infographic_Lively_HSA.pdf). Regain precious time spent gathering information, and know that you’re sharing the latest definitions, requirements, and facts about CDHPs.__*

[![download-how-to-explain-cdhp-clients](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/75WYCXJRFhFUwrkGmoOYY4/819981cd2e22d26c411d25bfdc00d11a/download-how-to-explain-cdhp-clients.jpg)](https://assets.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/ehUt4Hq5RwUbX2tKGDqnR/de7dffe8fc4a18fb9fa19c70a5d4567d/Explain_CDHP_Clients_Infographic_Lively_HSA.pdf)

__Editor's Note__: This article has been edited to include more relevant information. This article was originally published on January 31, 2019. 

---

A health savings account (HSA) can be a great way to save money for medical expenses and even for retirement. But they do have  rules you have to follow in regards to how much you can contribute. 

If you go over your contribution limits, that money is an excess contribution. There are a few ways to deal with excess contributions. No matter which option you choose, it’s always best to try to fix the mistake as soon as you realize it.

## Benefits of a Health Savings Account

The IRS sets annual contribution limits because HSAs offer three main tax benefits:

1. Your HSA contributions are tax deductible.
2. If you invest your HSA money, the earnings grow tax-free.
3. You can withdraw your HSA money tax-free when spending it on qualified medical expenses.

If you receive your HSA as a benefit from your employer, you can take it with you if you leave your job. So you own the account and can take it with you throughout your career. Even better, there is no deadline to use the funds you contribute in your HSA. You can save them for a big [planned medical expense](https://livelyme.com/should-i-use-my-hsa-to-save-money-or-spend-it), or keep them [growing until retirement](https://livelyme.com/hsas-and-retirement-what-you-need-to-know) if you want.

You may have noticed tax-advantaged accounts, like your 401(k), Roth IRA, or 529 plan, have contribution limits. Otherwise, folks could get away with major tax savings — more than the IRS would like. Your HSA is no different. Even when you get tax breaks, the IRS still puts limits in 
place and works to ensure everybody plays by the rules. 

## Contribution Limits

HSA contribution limits go by the calendar year. So even if you enrolled in your HSA mid-year, or your plan year runs on a different schedule, you are still subject to calendar year contribution limits. Limits change every year, so make sure you stay up to date and don’t reference limits from the previous year. The limits for 2021 are below.

![2021-contribution-limits](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/1a0iTXII4MfjYn6GqsRVkr/f0aa0aa5bcb6da4bb7e5efc94d9316e3/chart_5.svg)

If you are enrolled in your HSA the full calendar year and your health plan doesn’t change, it is pretty straightforward to understand your contribution limit. But there can be a few factors that make it trickier: 

1. __Multiple sources contributing to your HSA__. Anybody can contribute to an HSA, so if you have your employer, yourself, and a generous family member all contributing, you have to make sure to coordinate your efforts so you don’t go over the limit.
2. __[Gaining or losing coverage mid-year](https://livelyme.com/hsa-contribution-limits-mid-year-changes)__. If you gain or lose coverage under a [high deductible health plan](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp) (HDHP) during the year, you will change your HSA eligibility status. If you are not eligible for an HSA during the entire calendar year you have to either adjust your contributions accordingly or make sure you qualify under the last month rule. Either way, it’s important to be aware of your HSA eligibility and contribute accordingly.
3. __[Changing plan type mid-year](https://livelyme.com/calculate-max-hsa-contributions-mid-year-change)__. The contribution limits are different for individual and family plans. If you got married during the year, or your spouse got other coverage and left your plan, you experienced a change in plan type. You have to make sure that you don’t go over the individual limit in the months you are an individual and vice versa for family plans. 

No matter what situation you are in, it is a smart move to know your contribution limit every year, just like you would your income for the year, and stay on top of the contributions to your HSA.

## Penalties for Excess Contributions

There are three consequences for making excess HSA contributions: 

1. 6% excise tax on the excess contribution
2. Income taxes on the excess contribution
3. Income taxes on any earnings the excess contribution made

It is important to be aware that excess contributions and earnings from those contributions are subject to income tax, particularly if your HSA is invested. 

## Fixing Excess Contributions

If you realize you have made excess contributions to your HSA it can feel like a big mistake. But the good news is that there are ways to fix it and move forward.

### Option 1: Removing the Excess Contributions

This is by far the most straightforward option, and it is one that many people choose when they make excess contributions. 

If you realize you have made an excess contribution before the tax year ends (usually April 15), take it out immediately. You can take out the excess contribution by making a request with your HSA provider, which may involve filling out a form or two. If you have been contributing to your HSA via payroll, you should also inform your employer. Once you take the money out it will be regular taxable income earned. 

If you remove the excess contribution before the deadline for filing your personal income tax return, you won’t be subject to excise tax. If you remove it before the end of the calendar year, you typically won’t need corrected tax forms. If you remove it after the end of the calendar year, but before the end of the tax year, you won’t be subject to excise tax, but you may need corrected tax forms. If you remove it after the tax year has ended, you will be subject to excise tax for that year (and all other years you keep the excess contribution in your account). 

Here’s a table to help remember the dates involved. In this example, we are assuming you made the excess contribution in the 2020 calendar year. 

![chart 7](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/1KXd91QOGMwWzTMeqipHH3/00fcbb7b2718a643b4f3ba3d494d4d15/chart_7.svg)

### Option 2: Rollover the Excess Contributions to Next Year

This is an option that you should choose if you are certain you will be keeping a close eye on your HSA contributions in the future. 

With this option you rollover the excess contribution in your HSA to a future year and pay excise tax for the intervening years. You will deduct the rollover on IRS Form 8889 when you are ready. 

For example, say that I made an excess contribution of $100 in 2020. I decide to roll it over to 2021, so I pay $6 in excise tax in 2020, then report the $100 on [Form 8889](https://livelyme.com/what-is-tax-form-8889) in 2021. I will also make sure that I do not go over my contribution limit in 2021 with the rollover included.

### Option 3: Do Nothing

We get it. You’re busy, and taxes can be a big headache. It may be tempting to ignore excess contributions and hope that nothing will go wrong, but this is a bad option. 

If you do nothing, your excess contributions (and associated earnings) will be subject to income tax and excise tax in the year you made them. This alone may seem bad enough, but they will also be subject to excise tax every year until they are removed. That’s definitely a good reason to take action the moment you figure out you have excess contributions. 

## Monitor Your Contributions to Avoid Future Issues

HSAs offer a plethora of tax benefits, and they can be a great way to save money for medical expenses and for retirement. But they do come with some responsibilities, among which is making sure you follow contribution limits. Before you set up your HSA contributions for the year, take a look at the new IRS limits and make sure that all of your contributions will stay below that number. If your eligibility status or plan type is going to change throughout the year, make sure you are aware of how that impacts your limit. Doing some preparation and planning goes a long way when it comes to avoiding penalties when you contribute to your HSA.


Whether your client has offered the HSA benefit for years or is a new adopter, how you measure their HSA program is vital to its success. As you prepare to help your clients evaluate their current year’s benefits offerings and plan for the next, be sure to include these five questions as part of your standard assessment. They could make all the difference for optimizing your clients’ time and savings while maximizing satisfaction for all.

## 1. “Did your clients and their employees receive quick and easy access to support when they needed it?”

It's endlessly frustrating when a provider's customer service is hard to reach or when they play hot potato with your clients' and their employees' questions. __HSA administrators and employees that spend long hours bounced around call centers or troubleshooting have lower satisfaction.__ 

Now, imagine if clients are paired with one person as their day-to-day point of contact. And that [dedicated person](https://livelyme.com/broker) provides active support during onboarding and beyond. How would that impact your client’s satisfaction? And what about employees? What if they received prompt service and resolutions similar to your employer clients. That is the level of customer service that you should expect from your recommended HSA provider.

## 2. "Were more than 79% of employee HSA accounts funded?"

A funded HSA account is another method of measuring open enrollment success. A shocking 21% of accounts industry-wide remain [unfunded](https://www.devenir.com/research/2019-year-end-devenir-hsa-research-report/). That’s __a significant opportunity loss for employees and clients__. Not only for employees setting-up their healthcare safety net but tax savings for both employees and employers. 

It’s an HSA provider’s responsibility to help employees navigate the process of one-time and recurring contributions. Is your current provider fulfilling this obligation? If the rate of unfunded accounts is high, likely not. 

__Want all [8 ways to measure HSA success](https://livelyme.com/8-quick-ways-measure-hsa-success?utm_medium=blog&utm_source=lively&utm_campaign=5-ways-measure-hsa-success) in a convenient PDF for future reference? Download our checklist to ensure you’re optimizing your clients’ time and savings while maximizing satisfaction for all.__

[![8-ways-measure-hsa-success](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/7dmns4Wyyn3Qs9KJgwTA9w/195f76845fc79b5338c0c4900e7335b1/8-ways-measure-hsa-success.jpg)](https://livelyme.com/8-quick-ways-measure-hsa-success?utm_medium=blog&utm_source=lively&utm_campaign=5-ways-measure-hsa-success)

## 3. "Did employees max out their HSA?"

You want your client’s HSA program to perform above average. One way to gauge that success is by the number of employees contributing the maximum annual HSA contribution, which indicates a high level of engagement. Your clients also reap the rewards of increased [payroll tax savings](https://livelyme.com/payroll-tax-savings/). __For each individual employee who maxes out their HSA in 2021, your client will save $275 per year. And for each employee with a maxed-out family health plan HSA, your client saves $550.__ 

Did you know that, on average, only 14% of [HSA account holders](https://www.ebri.org/content/health-savings-account-balances-contributions-distributions-and-other-vital-statistics-2018-statistics-from-the-ebri-hsa-database) contribute the maximum annual amount? An HSA provider that empowers employees to make the most of their account at every step is the key to helping your client’s program perform above the industry standard, and reap more tax savings.

## 4. "Did employees have access to personalized and seasonal educational content?"

Only 26% of employees have a complete understanding of their [HSA benefit](https://livelyme.com/blog/employer/2019-wellness-wealth-report). That’s why your clients depend on their HSA provider to supply the tools they need to increase adoption and engagement. This includes year-round communication and education. __But all HSA education is not created equal–especially generic email or communications that may be irrelevant__. 

Your provider should be sending personalized account holder messaging that ensures employees are getting the information that is pertinent to them—when they need it. With the support of the right HSA provider, your client’s employees will come to understand that an HSA is a [financial wellness](https://livelyme.com/blog) vehicle, not only a [health savings account](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide).

## 5. "Did your HSA provider deliver prompt news of legislative changes and continuing guidance?"

As a broker, your clients rely on you and your recommended HSA provider to share legislative and market updates—fast. Maybe your current provider has an unhurried approach, posts a blog post, and then sends an email later that week or month. Or, maybe, not at all? 

Prompt and thorough updates enable HSA administrators to prepare for the fielding of employee questions, among other benefits. Timely delivery of [legislative changes](https://livelyme.com/guides/covid19-health-savings-account) and [market updates](https://livelyme.com/2021-hsa-contribution-limits) also ensures that employees are empowered with knowledge that enables full engagement of their HSA benefits. __Your preferred HSA provider should deliver prompt communication across channels, enabling you to spend more time building your book of business.__ 


__Editor’s note__: We recently updated the contents of this blog post to reflect more current information. This blog post was originally posted on December 20, 2017.

---

If you’re looking to save money on healthcare expenses, a Health Savings Account (HSA) can be a valuable tool. If you’re qualified, you can open an HSA account anytime.

Once you have an HSA, you will have a triple-tax advantaged account. That means you will be able to:

- Contribute pre-tax or tax deductible contributions
- Grow your investments tax free
- Use funds for qualified medical expenses tax free

It’s one of the reasons HSAs are so great for people looking to save money on healthcare costs and income tax.

## Make Sure You Qualify for an HSA

Before you shop for and open an HSA, it’s a good idea to make sure you qualify. To be [HSA qualified](https://livelyme.com/hsa-eligibility-requirements), you must enroll in an HSA-eligible high deductible health plan (HDHP). 

Under 2020 and 2021 federal regulations, HDHPs that qualify must have deductibles of $1,400 or more for an individual and $2,800 for a family. Additionally, the annual out-of-pocket maximum on plans in 2021 is $7,000 for self-only coverage and $14,000 for family coverage.

There are a few other requirements you must meet to be HSA qualified. You can’t have any other health insurance coverage besides your HDHP. You can’t have or use a [General Purpose FSA](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-healthcare-fsa). You can’t be a dependent on someone else’s tax return. And finally, you must be between age 18 and age 65, and you can’t enroll in Medicaid or Medicare. 

## Research and Choose the Best Option for You

You have many options when choosing an [HSA provider](https://livelyme.com/features). Most banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions offer HSAs. You can do some research online to figure out their features and decide which one is right for your needs.

Here are some questions to ask yourself when choosing an HSA provider:

### Are there fees? How much are they? 

There are myriad fees that some HSA providers may charge. Some of these include account opening fees, maintenance fees, fund transfer fees, and debit card fees. It’s important to understand any and all fees you may come across, so you aren’t caught with any surprises down the road.

Consider looking for providers who don't have any fees for at all. Ask the provider for a "fee schedule". This is a list of fees that the provider will charge.

### Does the account come with investment options?

Many HSA providers give you the option to invest the money in your HSA. This can be a good option if you are looking to save for retirement and grow your account over time. 

As with all investment accounts, make sure you research brokerage fees, transaction fees, and expense ratios for these offerings. FDIC insurance only applies to HSAs if they are not invested. Make sure you understand the risks and possible rewards of investing. If you’re not sure what the right option is for you, it’s always a smart idea to consult a tax advisor.

### Is it easy to spend HSA funds? What about getting reimbursed by my HSA?

Some HSA providers will issue debit cards for you to pay for qualified medical expenses. This can be a convenient way to use HSA funds, especially if you incur a lot of expenses. 

There's also the option of reimbursing yourself with your HSA. In the event that you ever forget your card at home, you can always log an out-of-pocket expense to reimburse yourself later.

### Can you manage your account online or with an app? 

Some HSA providers offer apps or robust online portals for you to manage your account. This can be a convenient way to manage your contributions and spending. The best apps will also help you track your investments and growth as well. Most of the time, all you’ll need to sign up is an email address and your healthcare information.

This is especially important if you are saving for a particular goal or if you want to check in to make sure you don’t go over [annual contribution limits](https://livelyme.com/how-does-a-health-savings-account-work).

## Open Your New HSA

As soon as you know you are or will be eligible for an HSA, you can start the process of opening an account. Some employers will offer one to you, or you can open one on your own. 

Unlike Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs), you do not need to wait until open enrollment to sign up for an HSA. You can open up an HSA at any time.

With most providers you can open your account online, from the comfort of your own home. But if you prefer, you can also do it over the phone or in person at some institutions.  Make sure to have your personal info and insurance plan details at the ready. 

It's important to note that you actually won’t be able to contribute until the first day of the first full month you are HSA eligible. For example, if you enroll in a HDHP on January 15, you can start contributing to your HSA on February 1. 

You can open an HSA anytime, as long as you’re qualified. After you open your new account, this is also a good time to roll over any funds you may have in another HSA, if applicable.

## Take Advantage of HSA Benefits Today

A major benefit to opening an HSA is to invest your funds for the future. Investing your HSA dollars is a great way to save money for future healthcare costs or retirement. Plus, you can use HSA funds on qualified expenses anytime after you establish your HSA. 

Even if you don’t have enough money at the time, you can wait and reimburse yourself for qualified expenses in the future when you do have the funds. This great feature makes it even more important to open your HSA and start saving today.


__Editor’s note__: We recently updated the contents of this blog post to reflect more current information. This blog post was originally posted on October 10, 2017.

---

A [Health Savings Account](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide/) (HSA) allows you to set aside money for qualified medical expenses on a tax-free basis. But not all HSA providers are equal. That’s especially the case when it comes to fees, investment options, accessibility and customer service.

If you’re unsatisfied with your current HSA custodian, you can roll your funds over to a new provider. That process might sound complicated, taxing and frustrating. 

In the right scenario, it can give you the chance to save more money and give you access to other features like investing. The long-term value that comes from improved features can make the effort well worth it.

If you’re thinking about rolling over your HSA money, here’s what you need to know.

## Reasons to Consider a Rollover HSA

There are many reasons to roll over your HSA to a new provider. 

One common example is switching from an employer-sponsored HSA to one of your choice. When you leave your job you might not be able to take your health insurance, but you can take your HSA with you. 

Some people learn about providers that offer features that better align with their financial goals. Not all HSA providers provide the ability to invest, and that can be a dealbreaker for some.

Regardless of your situation, it’s crucial that you make sure you’re getting the best value at the lowest cost. With the right provider, you can maximize the return on investment over the long run with your HSA funds.

## Can I Have Two HSAs?

There is a common misconception that you can only have one HSA, but that’s not the case. 

Let’s say you’ve opened an HSA account on your own or have one from a previous employer. If you join a new company and it offers an [HSA contribution benefit](https://livelyme.com/blog/employer/employer-hsa-contributions), you don’t have to get rid of your old account.

Let's look at a different scenario. Say your employer offers HSA contributions with its chosen provider but you want better features. That can include things like no fees, self-directed trading or other investment options. In this situation, you’re allowed to open a separate HSA on your own and use both. 

In other words, having two HSA accounts can be a good option in certain situations. One case where it might not make sense is if you’ve left your employer and no longer get HSA contributions as a benefit. When this happens, it may be better to join your funds into a single account for convenience.

Remember, though, that your annual contribution limit is on a per-person basis and not per-account. __Whatever the contribution limit is for the current tax year, that’s your total limit across all HSA accounts__.

## Rollover HSA Rules to Consider

Before we dig into the tax implications of moving funds from one HSA custodian to another, it’s important to define the terms.

An __HSA rollover__ is a transfer from a trustee (like a bank, financial institution or HSA provider) to the account holder. The account holder then deposits the money with the new trustee.

A __trustee-to-trustee transfer__ occurs when one provider transfers your HSA funds directly to another trustee. Other than making the request, the account holder doesn’t have to do anything. 

With a HSA rollover, it’s important to know that you can do it only once every 12 months and still maintain the account’s tax-free status. This rule isn’t defined by the plan or calendar year period, but rather on a 12-month rolling basis. 

Once you receive your HSA rollover, you have 60 days to deposit your HSA funds in your new HSA, according to IRS guidelines. If you don’t complete the process, the funds are considered taxable income, and you’ll also be subject to a 20% penalty.

If one trustee is transferring funds to another, it doesn’t count against your 12-month rollover limit. There’s no potential for the funds to be taxed because they never touch your hands. 

As a result, while you might have completed your once yearly HSA rollover, you still could be eligible for an HSA transfer.

## One-Time Transfer of Funds From an IRA to an HSA

The primary type of rollover HSA involves two HSA accounts. It’s possible for account holders to roll over funds from their individual retirement account (IRA). But there are some caveats with this option:

- You can only transfer funds from an IRA to an HSA once in your lifetime.
- Your transfer is limited to the contribution limit for the tax year in which you request the rollover. For 2021, that’s $3,600 for folks with self-only health plans and $7,200 if you have a family health plan.
- You must be on an HSA-eligible [high deductible health plan](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp) (HDHP) for 13 consecutive months. That timeline begins with the month of your IRA transfer. Otherwise, the transferred amount may be subject to income taxes and a 10% penalty.
- SEP IRAs and SIMPLE IRAs are not eligible for this type of transfer

This can be especially beneficial if you have money in a Traditional IRA. IRA funds are taxed on a deferred basis. This means your contributions are deductible for the tax year in which you make them. 

They're then taxed when you take withdrawals in retirement. When you transfer funds from a Traditional IRA to an HSA, you get a break on your tax return. This is because you're converting taxable funds into tax free funds. 

If you have a Roth IRA, the funds are already growing tax-free, so it may not make as much sense. The exception is if you need the money now for medical bills and don’t have a Traditional IRA.

## How to Rollover or Transfer your HSA to Lively

Rolling over your HSA sounds like a complicated process, so we decided to simplify it for you. Here is what you need to do:

1. [Sign up for Lively](https://secure.livelyme.com/signup/start) and complete your enrollment – we are free for individuals.
2. Complete your online HSA rollover form (as part of the onboarding process).

And that’s it! Lively will take care of the rest for you and let you know when the money is in your account.

## The Bottom Line on HSA Rollovers

HSA Rollovers provide an opportunity to select the HSA that works for your savings needs. That’s true regardless of how you’re planning to use the funds.

If you’re thinking about switching HSA providers, make sure you understand the potential pitfalls. If you don’t, it could cost you. For starters, trustee-to-trustee transfers are generally the best way for transferring funds. These transfers don't need you to handle the money. Plus, they’re not subject to annual limits or potential tax problems. 

If you have an IRA, particularly a traditional one, consider an [IRA-to-HSA transfer](https://livelyme.com/ira-to-hsa-the-benefits-of-a-one-time-transfer). In the right situation, it could allow you to take advantage of more tax savings. Before you do, though, consult with a tax professional to ensure it’s the right move for you.


To lower your healthcare costs you enroll in a high-deductible health plan (HDHP). That's because HDHPs have lower insurance premiums (but higher deductibles).

Since HDHPs have higher deductibles, you can help keep your healthcare costs low by using preventive care and a medical savings account (known as an HSA).

1. Most HDHPs cover preventive care (like a physical exam) with zero out-of-pocket. So keeping up with preventive care is a smart way to avoid costly illnesses (and to feel good!).

2. You can continue to lower your healthcare costs by using a health savings account. In fact, a high-deductible health plan works best in combination with a health savings account.

Read this guide if you want to learn how to use a tax-advantaged health savings account (HSA) to pay for qualified medical expenses, save money, and lower your taxes.

<h2>Who should read this</h2>

This material applies to individuals & families that want to lower their healthcare costs and be financially effective with their high-deductible health plan (HDHP).

It’s important that you learn about HSAs if you have (or plan to enroll in) an HDHP. It will help you save big.

If you’re in the process of enrolling in an HDHP then choose a plan that is compatible with an HSA. The IRS defines an HDHP as having:

- $1,350 minimum annual deductible for self-only health care coverage and $2,700 for family coverage (both unchanged from 2018)

- $6,750 maximum for self-only health care coverage (a $100 increase from 2018), and $13,500 for family coverage (a $200 increase from 2018)

Jump to:

- [Health Plan Terms](#health-plan-terms)
- [Definition of an HSA](#definition)
- [HSA vs FSA](#hsa-vs-fsa)
- [HSA vs PPO](#hsa-vs-ppo)
- [Benefits of an HSA account](#benefits)
- [How to qualify for an HSA account](#how-to-qualify)
- [How to maximize your savings](#how-to-maximize)
- [How to use your HSA funds](#how-to-use)
- [How to open an account account](#how-to-open)
- [Frequently asked questions](#faq)

<h2 id="health-plan-terms">Some Health Plan Terms</h2>

Before we move forward, let’s define a few terms you’ll come across when shopping for health plans. If you know these feel free to skip to the next section.

- Deductible: This is what you pay upfront for your medical care before your insurer’s coverage kicks in. Once you meet your deductible your insurer covers a large part of the bill. It resets every year.

- Premium: This is what you pay every month to the insurance company to have health insurance whether you use it or not.

- Copay: Predetermined rate you pay to access healthcare services. With your plan, you could have to pay $20 every time you go to the doctor’s office or a $10 copay for your monthly medication.

- Coinsurance: Once you meet your deductible, your health insurer takes up the bulk of your medical bills. But not all of it. Your co-insurance is the percentage of a medical bill you pay for after you meet your deductible. For instance, with a 25% coinsurance, you would pay 25% of each medical bill, and your health insurance provider will cover the remaining 75%.

- Out-of-pocket limit: But you can’t just keep paying for your healthcare, otherwise in a bad health year even with the best plan you would become bankrupt. Your out of pocket limit is the absolute maximum you would need to pay for your healthcare in a year before your health provider covers 100% of the bill.

<h2 id="definition">What is an HSA?</h2>
Health care costs for Americans have been skyrocketing. And an HSA can help you (and your family) plan for and beat the rising costs.

So what exactly is an HSA?

A Health Savings Account (HSA) is an easy and smart way to pay for qualified medical expenses for you and your dependents. With its tax-advantages, easy access to savings, and future growth potential it’s an effective savings vehicle that provides benefits today and in the future.

You can [open an HSA easily and in only a few minutes with Lively](https://livelyme.com/). Then you can contribute to your account (which is FDIC insured) with pre-tax dollars. As a result, you’ll lower your income tax (which is a significant tax benefit).

Using your HSA funds is also easy. We cover it below in the ‘[How to use your HSA funds](https://paper.dropbox.com/doc/2019-Guide-to-HSA--AR5sdUz22mf7__AoRI1xvIORAg-EtPIRt4gBzgxqKMnnuDyY#:uid=463786104738843322001399&h2=How-to-use-your-HSA-funds)’ section.

<h2 id="hsa-vs-fsa">HSA vs FSA</h2>

Health savings account versus a flexible spending account

FSA stands for flexible spending account. It’s an account your employer makes available to you so you can pay for medical expenses with pre-tax dollars.

With both an HSA and an FSA, you can pay for out-of-pocket medical expenses—like copays, medical bills, and vision expenses—while __lowering your taxable income.__

But an FSA is different than an HSA. Read our HSA vs FSA blog post to find out which account is better for you.

<h2 id="hsa-vs-ppo">HSA vs PPO</h2>

It's not a choice between an HSA plan and a PPO plan.

__An HSA account helps you save for medical expenses. It’s not a form of health insurance.__

__A PPO, on the other hand, is a form of health insurance.__ PPO stands for Preferred Provider Organization and refers to the type of network you can access for healthcare.

PPO plans are traditional plans that tend to have lower deductibles and higher premiums. Other healthcare plans like a health maintenance organization (HMO) have lower premiums and low or almost no deductibles, but you have a smaller choice of providers.

The question isn’t whether an HSA is better than a PPO. The question is do you want a high-deductible plan, or do you want a low deductible plan? And if you opt for a high-deductible plan then you’ll be financially efficient if you also enroll in a health savings account.

Our [HSA vs PPO blog post](https://livelyme.com/hsa-vs-ppo/) helps you decide if a PPO or an HDHP + an HSA is right for you.

<h2 id="benefits">Benefits of an HSA account</h2>

An HSA is like a supercharged IRA. It’s approved by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). And it’s great for your federal tax and state tax returns.

That’s because your HSA contributions are tax-deductible from your income tax, __meaning you can lower your tax burden.__

An HSA offers triple tax savings:

- Pre-tax or tax-deductible contributions
- Tax-free interest and investment earnings
- Tax-free distributions, when used for qualified medical expenses

HSAs are also portable. This means that you always keep your HSA. This is true even if you change employers or stop working. Unlike a [Flexible Spending Account (FSA)](https://livelyme.com/hsas-vs-fsas/), there is no “use-it-or-lose-it” rule with HSAs. If you don’t use funds, they remain in your HSA each year. They also continue to earn tax-free interest.

So take control of your healthcare costs and plan for your future by [opening an HSA](https://livelyme.com/).

__1. Save more for your health__

Contributions to an HSA are tax deductible. Paying with these funds means you’ll pay less for health expenses.

__2. Health safety net__

Rollover your HSA funds from year to year. Unlike a flexible spending account, your contributions don’t have to be used within the year.

__3. Put your money to work__

From day 1, you can establish an investment account using your HSA contributions, with a variety of mutual funds to choose from.

__4. The 401(k) of healthcare__

After age 65 you can use your HSA money for non-health related expenses and just pay income taxes on your withdrawals. No penalty!

<h2 id="how-to-qualify">Qualifying for an HSA account</h2>

To qualify for an HSA you need to a health insurance plan known as an HDHP.

High-deductible health plans have lower premiums and higher deductibles. And to qualify for an HSA,the HDHP must satisfy certain IRS requirements with respect to deductibles and out-of-pocket expenses.

Based on 2019 IRS specifications, qualifying HSA health plans must have minimum deductibles of $1,350 for individuals and $2,700 for families. In addition, qualifying plans must have maximum out-of-pocket amounts of less than $6,750 for individuals and $13,500 for families.

With an HDHP, you generally pay more up front for medical expenses before the plan begins to pay for covered services. In return, you will generally pay less in premiums than in other medical plan options. Otherwise, an HSA-eligible health plan is much like a traditional health care plan.

For more information on if you qualify for an HSA check out [IRS publication 969](https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-publication-969%5d).

__Not sure if you qualify? Use our free calculator__

Lively created the industry’s first [HSA eligibility calculator](https://livelyme.com/signup-eligibility/). It algorithmically calculates hundreds of HSA contributions scenarios to show you exactly how much you can contribute. You can see it live here.

<h2 id="how-to-maximize">Maximizing your savings (2019 contribution limits)</h2>

To take full advantage of tax savings and to build a reserve for the future, it is suggested that you make the maximum contribution as set by the IRS. So there are HSA contribution limits? Yes.

For those of you who want the quick answer: the HSA contribution limits for 2019 are __$3500 for an individual__ and __$7000 for a family__. If you are 55 or older your catch-up contributions are limited to an __extra $1000 a year__.

Read our [2019 HSA Contribution Limits](https://livelyme.com/2019-and-2018-hsa-contribution-limits/) blog post for a complete look at contribution limits and to learn how to maximize your savings.

<h2 id="how-to-use">How to use your HSA funds</h2>

You can use your HSA funds as you would the funds in your bank account: with your debit card.

After you enroll in an HSA, Lively sends you a branded debit card.

The catch is you can only use HSA money for qualified medical expenses. These costs generally include payment to doctors or dentists, over-the-counter [prescription](https://www.nerdwallet.com/blog/health/2014/03/24/cheap-prescriptions/) drugs, imaging such as MRIs, medical services (such as home care) and medical equipment or supplies.

With a Lively HSA, you can also reimburse yourself for any qualified medical expenses that your insurance didn’t cover and you had to pay out-of-pocket.

Lively created a [free-to-use search engine](https://livelyme.com/whats-eligible/) to find out if what you want to buy is a qualified medical expense. You can also visit [HSA Store](https://hsastore.com/?a_aid=59ee38ee1506b&a_bid=87383ed8&utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Portal+EL+List&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner) to find and purchase thousands of eligible expenses.

Q) Can an HSA be used for glasses?

A) Yes, as long as the sunglasses have prescription lenses and were not bought over-the-counter.

Q) Can an HSA be used for dental?

A) You can include in medical expenses the amounts you pay for the prevention and alleviation of dental disease. Preventive treatment includes the services of a dental hygienist or dentist for such procedures as teeth cleaning, the application of sealants, and fluoride treatments to prevent tooth decay. Treatment to alleviate dental disease include services of a dentist for procedures such as X-rays, fillings, braces, extractions, dentures, and other dental ailments.

<h2 id="how-to-open">How to open an account</h2>

Open and FDIC-insured health savings account in minutes with Lively.

Lively brings HSA into the modern era so it’s easier for you to keep healthcare costs low today and plan for the costs of tomorrow.

__1. Why Lively HSA__
<iframe title="Why Lively HSA?" width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6Yx8YS3wQ2o?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

__2. How to easily open an HSA__
<iframe title="Setup HSA Account Tutorial 💵 How to set up a Health Savings Account with Lively" width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/jysGYakLFQ8?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<h2 id="faq">Frequently asked questions</h2>

Q) Is an HSA also health insurance?

A) No, it isn’t. Health insurance is provided by an insurance company. An HSA is not insurance coverage. For our full answer, read our [Is HSA health insurance?](https://livelyme.com/is-hsa-health-insurance) blog post.

Q) Is an HSA tax-deductible?

A)Yes. But you need to fill out the right forms. Read our blog post on [HSA Tax Forms](https://livelyme.com/what-hsa-tax-forms-do-you-need-to-fill-we-know/).

Q) Are HSA contributions pre-tax?

A) Your HSA contributions are pre-tax if made by payroll deduction.

Q) What happens if I use my money to pay for a non-qualified expense?

A) If you are under 65 years old, you will have to pay ordinary income taxes as well as pay a 20% penalty for the amount you’re disbursed out of your HSA account. If you are 65 or older, disabled or die, then you will just pay ordinary incomes taxes (no penalty). If you find yourself in this situation, you can attempt to put money back into your HSA funds before tax time each year.

Q) Does an HSA roll over?

A) Once funds are deposited into the HSA, the account can be used to pay for qualified medical expenses tax-free, even if you no longer have HDHP coverage. The funds in your account roll over automatically each year and remain indefinitely until used. There is no time limit on using the funds.

<h2>Get a free HSA</h2>

Things like your flexibility in contributing, the ability to keep your unused balance and additional tax benefits make HSAs the wisest choice. So [sign up for an HSA – it's free →](https://livelyme.com/)

HSA Guide 

Learn how to use a Health Savings Account to pay for qualified medical expenses for you and your dependents.

Health Savings Account Guide - IRS-Qualified Medical Expenses & More

2019 HSA Guidebook

<p>It’s that time of year again, when 80% of Americans spend less than an hour researching one of the most important decisions they’ll make this year: their health coverage.  Unfortunately, this often leaves many people under-insured or without the right coverage for their needs.  To prevent this from happening to you, we have a few tips that’ll help you make the right decisions for you and your family this open enrollment season.</p>

<p></p>

<h2>Tip #1- Review Your Family’s Recent Health History</h2>

<p>To make sure you’re buying the right coverage for your family’s needs, you need to know what those needs are.  During open enrollment, roughly 90% of Americans choose the health plan they had the previous year, despite any changes in health.  Sometimes this is fine.  Other times, it leaves them under-insured.</p>

<p>So take a look at what your family’s medical needs have been over the last two years.  How did your current plan support you?  Where did it fall short?  Then ask yourself if you or a family member has been recently diagnosed with a condition that will require ongoing treatment.  If so, you’ll want to take that treatment into account when choosing a plan.</p>

<h2>Tip #2- Assess Recent or Near-Future Life Changes</h2>

<p>Are you getting married?  Pregnant or wanting to get pregnant?  Are you planning to move away from your preferred doctor and want to make sure you have access to another health provider you like?  To make the right decision for your 2019 health coverage, you’ll want to anticipate how these future changes will affect your healthcare needs.</p>

<h2>Tip #3- Check Your Current Benefit Options</h2>

<p>Plan names can stay the same but the benefits included within them could change.  So even if you keep the same plan as you had last year, it could end up costing you more or less depending on what changes your employer or the plan provider made.  Possible changes to look for are:</p>

<ul>
  <li>Coverage levels</li>
  <li>Pricing</li>
  <li>Types of products offered</li>
  <li>New providers for existing products</li>
  <li>New products from existing providers</li>
</ul>

<h2>Tip #4- Check to see if Premiums and Deductibles Have Changed</h2>

<p>Sometimes companies change the amount to which they’ll contribute to their employees’ health plans.  If your company has changed its contribution levels, this will likely affect the amount you pay in premiums and deductibles.  It might also affect the attractiveness of HSAs and FSAs in order to help with those deductibles.</p>

<h2>Tip #5- Do Your Own Research</h2>

<p>Your company will likely put out official communication regarding your benefits options and reviewing its resources is a good place to start.  But it’s not a place to end.  Many companies like <a href="https://www.alegeus.com/insights/1232-choosing-a-health-insurance-plan">Alegeus</a>, which is an administrator of health benefits for organizations, provide resources to help consumers make the right choices when it comes to their benefits.  By doing your own research, you’re more likely to get a neutral third party assessment of your plan options, and you might even find better benefits in the marketplace than your company is offering.</p>

<p>If you do find better plans that you think your company should consider, try sending them to your Human Resources (HR) Department.  When HR knows what employees need, they can make better choices in terms of what benefits they offer in the future.</p>

<h2>Tip #6- Check Your Company’s Wellness Initiatives</h2>

<p>Companies have realized that a healthier workforce is a more productive workforce.  To incentivize healthy behavior, many have started programs that reward such behavior with increased benefits like more HSA money, lower premiums and other perks.  Check with your HR Department to see if you might qualify for any increased benefits.</p>

<p>Navigating the healthcare labyrinth can feel like a job in and of itself.  But if you follow our six tips, you’re more likely to make the right decisions for your family and could end up saving money over the course of the year.</p>

open-enrollment-employee-tips.png

We have six tips that’ll help you make the right decisions for you and your family this open enrollment season. 

Open Enrollment Tips for Employees

__Editor’s note__: An earlier, and shorter version of this [blog post](https://livelyme.com/individual-vs-family-hsa/) was previously published. We published this update because it’s vital you know the differences between a family HSA and individual HSA, and how to tap into your HSA funds for your family.

---

Familiar with the tax-saving benefits of a health savings account (HSA), and wondering how you can extend those benefits to your family? While an HSA is owned by one person, there is a way to tap into those HSA funds for the rest of your family. Discover how, and the differences between a family HSA and individual HSA.

## Your HSA is Dependent on Your Health Care Coverage

To contribute to an HSA, you must enroll in an eligible [High-Deductible Health Plan](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp) (HDHP). 

__For 2020, the [HSA eligibility requirements](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide#qualifying-for-an-hsa-account) are as follows:__

- The annual minimum deductible for individual health care coverage must be $1,400. And $2,800 for family health care coverage. 
- The health plan’s out-of-pocket maximum cannot exceed $6,900 for individual coverage. And $13,800 for family coverage. 

__These eligibility requirements change in 2021:__

- The annual minimum deductible for individual health care coverage must be $1,400. And $2,800 for family health care coverage (No change from 2020).
- The health plan’s out-of-pocket maximum cannot exceed $7,000 for individual coverage. And $14,000 for family coverage ($100 and $200 increase from 2020).

## What is a Family HSA?

![what-is-family-hsa](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/2AyTsX5zWqJw75Sf8dPxjn/27b942e17c0757642c853d85db8abfe4/what-is-family-hsa.jpg)

While often referred to as a “Family HSA” account, there is actually no such thing. 

Each HSA is owned by one person. But family coverage under a qualifying HDHP allows you to use your HSA to pay for qualifying medical expenses for yourself and your family. The type of health plan (individual or family) you’re enrolled in decides how much you can contribute to your HSA account in one calendar year. 

If you are enrolled in an individual qualifying high-deductible health plan, you will only be able to contribute the individual maximum contribution amount set annually by the IRS. If you and your family are covered by the same qualifying health plan, then your contribution limit is increased to the annual contribution limit set for families. One rule: To contribute the maximum family contribution limit, none of the family members can be claimed on another person’s [tax return](https://www.irs.gov/irb/2004-02_IRB). 

## Annual HSA Contribution Limits

![hsa annual contribution limit](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/3mripn4V4Q51N7FfM26AEf/283c4bf5ded5d8aefbf448ea77e7b317/hsa_annual_contribution_limit.jpg)

In 2020, you are allowed to contribute the following amounts to an HSA:

- $3,550 for individual health plans
- $7,100 for family health plans

These contribution limits change slightly in 2021:

- $3,600 for individual health plans
- $7,200 for family health plans

If enrolled in an HSA-eligible HDHP, and at least 55 years old—or will be 55 any time in the calendar year—you can make an extra $1,000 contribution. This is a [“Catch-Up” Contribution](https://livelyme.com/what-is-an-hsa-catch-up-contribution). 

The catch-up contributions for 2020 and 2021 are the same: $1,000 on top of your maximum contribution limit.

## Real-Life Examples
### Individual Health Plan with HSA

During open enrollment, James chooses an HDHP because he wants to take advantage of his employer’s contributions to an HSA. James is not currently married and doesn’t have any dependents, so his health plan will cover only him.

As an individual, James can contribute $3,550 dollars into his HSA account in 2020 without a penalty.

### Family Health Plan with HSA
Fast forward a few years, and James is now married with two children. James is at a different company, but still has his HSA and an HDHP that covers him and his family.

James is now eligible to contribute the family limit to his HSA. We won’t know exactly what that amount will be in the future. But if James had his family covered by his health plan in 2020, he would be able to contribute $7,100 within one calendar year.

## Can I Have a Joint HSA With My Spouse?
![no-joint-hsa-with-spouse](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/4JyBNCLJUiCy6ietwyTrGn/588c28e6b0352282f87b6d0c6643cfe9/no-joint-hsa-with-spouse.jpg)

*Short answer:* No. An HSA is owned by one person. 

Yet, there is a way for you and your spouse to have HSAs of your own. If you and your spouse are covered under the same HDHP, you can each open your own HSA and contribute separately. But, the amount you and your spouse contribute, combined, cannot exceed the contribution limit for a family plan. 

### Real-Life Examples:

#### Family HSA Contribution Limit with Two Accounts

Jack and Diane are married and covered under Jack’s high-deductible health plan. Diane wants to take advantage of her employer’s HSA contributions, so she decides to open up an HSA of her own. 

In 2020, Jack and Diane’s total contributions cannot exceed $7,100. That means that whatever Jack contributes to his HSA and whatever Diane contributes to her HSA added together needs to be $7,100 or less. 

Jack and Diane can use these funds to pay for the [qualified medical expenses](https://livelyme.com/whats-eligible/) of those covered under their health plan, including each other.

#### Family HSA Contribution Limit with One Account

The other option is to have the entire amount of the HSA in one account holder’s name. In this case, Jack opts not to contribute anything into his HSA for the year, and Diane and her employer will be able to contribute the entire amount into her account.

## The Benefits of an HSA

![hsa-retirement-benefits](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/1okT5ICuYiKx6c18Oof9dK/0e331b4135f6588ed8df49e0f2a24bdd/hsa-retirement-benefits.jpg)

There are four primary [benefits of having an HSA](https://livelyme.com/what-are-the-benefits-of-an-health-savings-account).

1. __Three levels of tax savings__. Pre-tax or tax-deductible contributions. Tax-free interest, and investment earnings. And tax-free withdrawals when used for qualifying medical expenses.
2. __Portability__. HSAs aren’t tied to your employer. If you decide to move to a different company or retire, your HSA stays yours. The funds added to your account stay there until you choose to withdraw or roll it over; like a 401(k).
3. __ A safety net in the event of a health-related emergency__. An HSA helps you save for the unknown. It can be used for unexpected health care expenses or health insurance if you’re between jobs. An HSA covers all qualified medical expenses, even after a change of plans or providers.
4. __ Flexibility in retirement__. When you turn 65, your HSA can be used for non-health-related expenses without penalties; like a 401(k), or IRA.

An HSA is a great safety net in the event of a health-related emergency. And with options to invest, choosing to open an HSA is one of the best financial choices you can make for you and your family. 
















family hsa and individual hsa contributions are dependent on health care coverage

family-hsa-vs-individual-hsa

Learn the differences between a Family HSA vs Individual HSA. And how to extend HSA benefits to your entire family. 

Family HSA vs Individual: What’s the Difference?

Dividing your assets, such as 401(k)s and Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) is a central piece of negotiating a divorce settlement. If you receive health insurance through your spouse’s employer, you want to carefully consider whether it makes sense to stay on your partner’s health insurance after you divorce.

## Tips for navigating health insurance when divorcing

### You can pay for health insurance through an ex’s health insurance.

If your health insurance was through your partner’s workplace plan, you may be able to stay on the plan for up to 36 months. The federal COBRA legislation requires any firm or organization with at least 20 employees to offer health insurance to the divorced partner. If your soon-to-be-ex works for a smaller employer, you may be eligible for extended COBRA coverage through a state-run plan.

But there’s a big expensive catch to COBRA health insurance coverage: Once you are divorced, the employer no longer will subsidize the premium cost for the non-employee. 

You will be required to pay the full cost. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, the average monthly premium for single coverage through a group plan was nearly $7,200 in 2019.  And the employer is also allowed to tack on an additional 2% annual fee to cover administrative charges.

### Check out your employer’s health insurance. 

If you were on your partner’s plan because it was more robust or cost-effective than the plan offered by your employer, time to circle back to your workplace plan. It may now be more cost-effective than staying on your ex’s plan through COBRA. 

Getting divorced is considered a [qualifying life event](https://livelyme.com/life-events-that-can-change-your-healthcare-costs), so you’ll be able to enroll for health insurance outside of open enrollment. 

### Compare COBRA coverage to an ACA-marketplace plan.

Before you finalize your divorce, spend some time pricing out purchasing your own health insurance through the ACA marketplace. Depending on your income you may be eligible for subsidies. You can start your search at the [healthcare.gov](https://www.healthcare.gov/) website.

### Include the cost of paying for health insurance in your divorce negotiations. 

It’s likely that whatever health insurance solution you land on, the premium is going to be a sizable line-item cost in your monthly budget. You should factor that into negotiations for assets. And keep in mind that if there is a family HSA account that has a sizable balance, that is a valuable asset to also bring into your discussions. 

### Consider a legal separation as a temporary step. 

If you are legally separated, but not divorced, you may be able to stay on a spouse’s plan, but it varies by employer and insurer.

### Sort out who pays for insurance coverage of the kids.

This is obviously a key part of your divorce negotiation. If you opt for joint custody and you both assume responsibility for health insurance, the spouse whose birthday falls earlier in the calendar year will have the “primary” insurance for the children. If there isn’t joint custody, the custodial parent typically assumes responsibility for health insurance for children. If the custodial parent remarries, and doesn’t have health insurance, the responsibility can fall to the custodial parent’s new spouse. If that isn’t an option the non-custodial parent will be required to step in and provide health insurance coverage.

Given the complexity of divorce, including health insurance coverage. consulting with a lawyer experienced in divorce law is a smart move to ensure that everyone in the family is covered. 



stay-on-insurance-divorce

Divorce is a complicated process - and it doesn't help that your health insurance gets tied up into the process as well. We detail some information that you will need to know regarding your healthcare if you are getting divorced from your partner.

How Long Can I Stay on My Partner's Insurance After a Divorce? 

<p>Helping employees understand the benefits of an HSA (like any new HSA user), takes time and resources. In order to make the HSA education and engagement process easier for employers and employees, we have outlined our best practices.</p>
<p></p>
<p>Our employee HSA education guide will help you get HSA strategies&nbsp;in place from day 1 so employees can take advantage of the&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/what-are-the-benefits-of-an-health-savings-account/">triple-tax benefits</a>&nbsp;immediately.</p>
<h2>HSA Employee Education Tips</h2>
<p>Opening, establishing and contributing to an HSA should be easy.&nbsp;It shouldn&#8217;t be rocket science, that&#8217;s at least what we think at Lively! Here is what every employee needs to know to get started with their new HSA:</p>
<ol>
<li>Confirm&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/hsa-eligibility-details/">HSA-Eligibility</a></li>
<li>Understand&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/2018-hsa-contributions/">Contributions&nbsp;Limits</a></li>
<li><a href="https://livelyme.com/add-1-hsa-day-1/">Open and Establish their HSA</a></li>
<li>How to&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/hsa-rollovers-transfers/">Rollover or&nbsp;Transfer</a>&nbsp;an Existing HSA</li>
<li><a href="https://livelyme.com/set-forget-hsa/">Automating HSA Contributions</a></li>
<li>Use an HSA&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/hsa-debit-card/">Debit Card</a>&nbsp;for Eligible&nbsp;Purchases</li>
<li>Review&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/can-i-invest-my-hsa-money/">HSA Investment</a>&nbsp;Options</li>
</ol>
<p>No employer health or financial situation is the same. Once employees have opened&nbsp;an HSA, customizing&nbsp;HSA strategies can help each and every eligible employee take advantage of their HSA benefits. This will better ensure success (and renewal). Let&#8217;s look at two likely employee HSA scenarios:</p>
<ul>
<li><b>HSA Saver</b>&nbsp;&#8211; HSA savers are more focused on the long-term savings value of an HSA. They can invest their funds or simply take advantage of FDIC-Insured interest bearing&nbsp;HSA accounts. Thereby taking advantage of compound interest and save HSA funds for future health costs.</li>
<li><b>HSA Spender</b>&nbsp;&#8211; These employees are using pre-tax HSA funds to pay for expected and unexpected health costs. They can use their dedicated HSA funds to reduce their out-of-pocket health expense liability.</li>
</ul>
<p>Many HSA account holders are a mix of both. Helping employees save for health costs today and plan for anticipated health costs well into retirement will only increase HSA adoption.</p>
<h4>Employee Engagement and Support</h4>
<p>Things come up. Employees get stuck. We get it. We have&nbsp;been through it ourselves. Making sure on-demand support options are available for employees is crucial in this process. It saves everyone time. Employee HSA education is an ongoing process. So we created an on-demand resource center to help &#8211; from an&nbsp;<a href="http://support.livelyme.com/">HSA FAQs</a>&nbsp;to&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/calculator/">HSA saving calculators</a>. We backed it all up with a dedicated&nbsp;customer&nbsp;service team to answer employee&nbsp;questions via&nbsp;<a href="mailto:support@livelyme.com">email,</a>&nbsp;<a href="tel:1-888-576-4837">phone</a>&nbsp;or chat (via our website).</p>
<h4>Don&#8217;t&nbsp;Forget! Talk About Retirement &amp; Health Costs</h4>
<p>Many employees are stuck on a year-to-year&nbsp;ferris&nbsp;wheel when it comes to health insurance and cost planning. Employees are forced into rising yearly health insurance premiums and out-of-pocket costs. Not planning for health costs in retirement &#8211; which are&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/24/health-care-costs-in-retirement-can-top-275000.html">expected to exceed&nbsp;$275,000 per couple</a>&nbsp;&#8211; can be a financial mistake. Employees can use their HSA to plan and save for retirement. In fact, an HSA might be the&nbsp;<a href="https://livelyme.com/stealth-ira/">new stealth IRA</a>.</p>
<p>Opening an HSA is easy (at least at Lively). Helping employees understand the value of an HSA should be too. Use this employee HSA guide&nbsp;to fast-track benefits education to save employees time.</p>

Employee-HSA-Guide.jpg

Helping employees understand the benefits of an HSA (like any new HSA users), takes time and resources. In order to make the HSA education and engagement process easier for employers and employees, we have outlined our best practices.

Employee HSA Guide

Lively Blog

__Editor’s note:__ An earlier, and shorter version of this [blog post](https://livelyme.com/what-is-an-hsa/) was previously published. We published this update to provide a more comprehensive response to “What is an HSA?” This new blog outlines the rules and uses of account ownership, and more.

---

It’s a fact. The cost to be - and stay - healthy rises each year. And even the comprehensive  (expensive) health insurance plans are covering less for the cost of care. So what’s a person to do? Open an HSA.

A Health Savings Account (HSA) allows you to set aside money on a pre-tax basis to pay for qualified medical expenses. You, your employer, and even friends and family can contribute money to your HSA. The contributions are tax-deductible and never expire. So you can save them for a rainy day, retirement, or to help pay for an expensive procedure you have coming up.

## How Do I Qualify for an HSA?

To qualify for opening and contributing to an HSA, you must meet these criteria:

1. You must enroll in a [High-Deductible Health Plan](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp) (HDHP). In 2020, the IRS defined HDHPs as any plan with a deductible of at least $1,400 for an individual and $2,800 for a family. The total annual out-of-pocket expenses can’t exceed $6,900 for an individual or $13,800 for a family.  
2. You can’t have any other supplemental health insurance coverage. Meaning, you can’t be covered under your spouse’s health insurance plan too.
3. You must not be eligible for or enrolled in Medicare.
4. You must be under the age of 65.
5. You can’t contribute to a [Health Flexible Spending Account](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-healthcare-fsa) (HFSA). But you can contribute to a [Dependent Care](https://livelyme.com/dependent-care-fsa-dcfsa-work) (DCFSA) or [Limited-Purpose FSA](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-limited-purpose-fsa) (LPFSA) and contribute to a health savings account in the same year.

## How Does a Health Savings Account Work?

![how-does-health-savings-account-work](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/3zynuAFE9SoOfJRy8MT7lO/d0078bf16189f8141aeeaa5b7ae1da54/how-does-health-savings-account-work.jpg)

### Step 1: Elect a high-deductible health plan during open enrollment.

### Step 2: Open a health savings account and decide how much you want to contribute. 

To enroll in an employer-sponsored health savings account, you'll likely open your HSA during open enrollment. Let your employer know how much you want to contribute for the year (up to the IRS contribution limit). And your employer will begin making payroll deductions each month.

Your employer may choose to contribute to your HSA. But they’re not required to. If they do, those contributions will count toward your annual limit. But will remain tax-free to you.

Maybe your employer doesn’t offer a health savings account. Or it’s outside of open enrollment and you want to get started on saving for your health care costs today. You can open an HSA with a financial institution in the private market.

With this route, you will make arrangements to fund your HSA with the account administrator. And your contributions will be deducted from your gross taxable income when you pay taxes for that year.

### Step 3: Use your funds for qualified medical expenses.

To use your funds, your account administrator may provide a debit card so you can pay for your health care costs at the point of sale. Or you will pay for costs upfront and submit documentation for [reimbursement](https://livelyme.com/hsa-reimbursement-rules). Your withdrawals are tax-free as long as you use the money to pay for qualified medical expenses. If you use your money for something else, the money you withdrew will be subject to income tax plus a 20% penalty.

![mobile-wallet-hsa-expenses](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/xFSNWNpRjvuAnTymT4F18/108a46d5452cfb9b855a03c76bab9755/mobile-wallet-hsa-expenses.jpg)

__Additional health savings account details:__

- You own your account so you can take it with you from employer-to-employer (or employer to unemployed). 
- Even if you choose a health insurance plan that isn’t an HDHP, you can still use past contributions for out-of-pocket, qualified medical expenses. But you won’t be able to contribute to your account.
- Employer contributions are tax-free.
- If you’re under the age of 65, you must use your contributions for qualified medical expenses.
- Once you reach 65, you can no longer contribute to your account. But you can use your savings to pay for whatever you’d like.  
- An HSA offers triple tax savings: pre-tax or tax-deductible contributions, tax-free interest and investment earnings, and tax-free distributions when used for qualified medical expenses.

## How Much Can I Contribute to My HSA?

[Contribution limits](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide#maximizing-your-savings) are set annually by the Internal Revenue Service. 

For __2020__, those limits are:

- $3,550 for someone with an individual health plan.
- $7,100 for a family health plan.
- An additional $1,000 “catch-up” if one or both members of the family are aged 55 or older.

For __2021__, those limits are: 

- $3,600 for someone with an individual health plan.
- $7,200 for a family health plan.
- An additional $1,000 “catch-up” if one or both members of the family are aged 55 or older.

## What Can I Use a Health Savings Account For?

![hsa-eligible-expenses](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/42Oe00AuAcE2fs9KFkcmHS/b30013424117eb2a8c42b7c42b094e5c/hsa-eligible-expenses.jpg)

HSA-eligible expenses include (but are not limited to):

- Deductibles
- Copays
- Coinsurance
- Out-of-pocket costs related to diagnostic services like x-rays and blood tests
- Prescriptions
- Quality of life enhancers like air purifiers (with a letter of medical need)
- Medical supplies like band-aids and crutches
- Alternative medicine treatments like acupuncture

This list is not exhaustive. For a comprehensive list of IRS-qualified medical expenses check [“What’s Eligible."](https://livelyme.com/whats-eligible)

## What Happens to My HSA if I Switch Employers?

You get to keep your account and every dollar you’ve saved. Although you may not be able to continue contributing to that same account. 

If your new employer uses a different health savings account administrator, you will have two options. Roll the HSA from your previous employer into the new account or maintain two different HSAs. One account from your previous employer - from which you can withdraw but not contribute. And one from your current employer into which you can start contributing.

For more details about your specific situation, contact your HR department.

## Where Can I Sign-Up for an HSA?

![sign-up-lively-hsa](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/4sUTWDriKFMgGBrIHxeyH9/a36ee79d497005f21445666727ab98e6/sign-up-lively-hsa.jpg)

You can sign up for an HSA in two places. Through your employer, if it offers this benefit. Or through a financial institution in the private market.

Here, at Lively, we offer a private-market HSA that allows you to put your contributions into mutual funds or other investments. That way you can access an even greater benefit: growing your money with the market.

As you can see, there are many ways an HSA can help you save money for health care expenses and retirement. A health savings account can also offer security should you lose your health insurance coverage for a period of time. For more information about HSAs, check out our [HSA Guide](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide).







what-is-hsa

Learn more about HSAs including the qualifications for opening and contributing to a health savings account, how much you can contribute annually, how to use your account for qualified medical expenses, and more.

What is an HSA? Qualifications, Contributions, Uses, and More

*__Editor’s note:__ This post was originally published on June 29, 2017 and updated on September 3, 2020.*

In a world of text, chat and email it can feel like everything is (or has) an acronym. Health insurance plans are no exception. You may have come across the acronym HDHP and are wondering "What is a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP)?" Continue reading to learn how choosing an HDHP could benefit you. Provided it gives you the coverage you need.

To start, an HDHP is a health insurance plan defined by lower premiums and a higher deductible. But don't let "higher deductible" scare you off. Here are two reasons why an HDHP could make sense for you:

1. All preventative care is covered before the deductible, and
2. HDHPs are an affordable way to get the coverage you need without paying more for extras you may not need.

HDHPs are also the only health insurance option that can be paired with a Health Savings Account (HSA). An HSA can help pay for the high-deductible or to save money for future medical costs.

<iframe src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/377355900" width="640" height="360" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowfullscreen></iframe>

## What is Considered an HSA-eligible HDHP?

Annually, the IRS redefines what it considers an HDHP (adjusting for inflation). In 2020, their parameters were a [health plan](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide) with a deductible of at least $1,400 for an individual and $2,800 for a family. As well as out-of-pocket expenses that didn’t exceed $6,900 for an individual and $13,800 for a family.

In 2021, the minimum deductibles will be the same. But the maximum out-of-pocket limits will rise to $7,000 for an individual and $14,000 for a family.

There's one other qualifying characteristic of HDHPs. The individual pays for the cost of healthcare, up to the deductible, before insurance pays for services. The one caveat here is preventative care. All preventative care is covered before the deductible.

## How Does a High Deductible Health Plan Work?

![preventative-care-included-hdhp](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/5j1glZm5E5y47Fi5eW2T2K/1ebc0d46beb92be8021d514656948957/preventative-care-included-hdhp.jpg)

HDHPs charge participants lower monthly premiums. This is in exchange for requiring higher deductibles and out-of-pocket maximums.

Choosing an HDHP could make sense if you don't need many health care items or services. Or if you only visit the doctor for preventative care. This is because you'll be spending less on your monthly [health insurance plan](https://livelyme.com/compare-health-insurance-plans) premium. An HDHP could also make sense if you need more care. Here's why.

Because HDHPs have a higher deductible, the IRS allows you to deposit pre-tax money into a savings account called an HSA. Also known as a [Health Savings Account](https://livelyme.com/what-is-hsa). HSAs are tax-advantaged accounts because contributions are pre-tax.

The distributions and any gains those contributions make can also be tax-free. That's as long as the contributions are used to pay down your deductible or to pay for other qualified medical expenses. Depending on your tax bracket, this could help you save up to 30% on medical expenses.

Where an HDHP could get you into trouble is if you suffer a catastrophic event that requires an expensive procedure or treatment. And you can’t afford the out-of-pocket maximum. Or if you have or develop a chronic condition that needs management.

__Decide which plan is right for you with our [Health Plan Comparison Calculator](https://livelyme.com/compare-health-insurance-plans).__

To choose an HDHP, you would make the election during the open enrollment period for either your place of employment or in the private market. The other time is after a [Qualifying Life Event](https://livelyme.com/when-should-i-consider-changing-my-health-plan). If you’ve experienced a life event like the loss of health insurance, marriage, the birth of a child, or death of a dependent, you can sign up for an HDHP at any time during the year with a special enrollment period.

## What Are the Benefits of a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP)?

![high-deductible-health-plans-lower-premium](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/45YNFcVTSqOIH1GiPuzUVQ/150ddbbe5981bcf60c7150e50f13f6d1/high-deductible-health-plans-lower-premium.jpg)

Whether you’re considering an HDHP or have been using one for years, there’s no question that higher deductibles are a tough pill to swallow. The good news is, this type of health plan does offer some unique flexibility and opportunities that other health insurance plans lack.

1. __Flexibility__ – HMO health insurance plans require referrals from a primary care physician. This can be extremely frustrating for individuals who need to have some kind of care outside of a general practitioner. While HDHPs still have in and out of network designations, the list of in-network providers is extensive. And you can see a dermatologist, cardiologist, or other specialists even if you haven’t yet designated a primary care physician.
2. __Lower cost__ – The problem with large, overarching health plans is they try to cover everyone. This might sound good on paper, but not in practice. This often leads to people with low health care needs paying more to cover people with high health care needs. HDHPs reward limited use of the medical system by charging participants low monthly premiums. While also covering preventative care before the deductible is met.
3. __Health savings for the long term__ – HDHPs are the only health insurance plan that you can pair with an HSA. You own the contributions both you and your employer make to your HSA. And they never expire. The funds can be saved or invested in stocks and mutual funds, making these accounts function as a medical safety net. This is beneficial if you lose your employment or your employer changes your health insurance options. Or if your health insurance company decides to discontinue the plan you’re on, or you experience a catastrophic event. Any of which could leave you scrambling to cover unexpected medical expenses. And in the event you don’t spend your contributions before the age of 65, you can use that money, tax-free, for any expenses. Just like another retirement account. 

## How Do I Know If an HDHP Is Right for Me?

![is-hdhp-right-for-me](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/1lGHA7VDq1QmkbEHtrozbq/8ce9096c3149cd21eca124e9fb2a5cf3/is-hdhp-right-for-me.jpg)

*The right health insurance plan for you lies at the nexus of affordability and appropriate coverage.* You must be able to afford the monthly premium but also the annual out-of-pocket maximum in case you experience a catastrophic event.

The plan must also provide adequate coverage for your current medical needs. As well as those in the foreseeable future (e.g. having a baby, knee surgery, etc.). Inadequate coverage could cause your out-of-pocket expenses to get out of hand quickly.

So take a look at the specifics for the HDHP you’re being offered. Can you afford that monthly premium? If yes, then take a look at what procedures, treatments, and prescriptions are covered and at what levels. When taking coverage levels into account, can you afford the copays, co-insurance, and other out-of-pocket costs?

Do you have the ability to contribute even a small amount to an HSA? Something to remember about HSAs is the money is contributed pre-tax. That means you could end up saving up to 30% on medical expenses depending on your income taxes bracket.

If, after answering these questions, an HDHP looks like it makes financial sense, then it could be the right plan for you. If you have questions about your specific situation, you should always reach out to your HR department.

HDHPs are often thought of as an affordable health insurance option, especially for the healthy or if you know you’ll exceed your out-of-pocket maximum. Combine an HDHP's monthly affordability with the option to pair the plan with an HSA, and you have an attractive setup. Not only for those who have limited medical care needs but those who can afford to contribute a little extra each month toward future costs and savings. 

discover "what is a high deductible health plan?"

what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan

Wondering “What is a High Deductible Health Plan?” Discover how they work, the benefits, and if an HDHP is right for you.

What is a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP)?

__Editor’s note:__ *This post was originally published on March 17, 2018 and updated on September 2, 2020.*

You’ve heard about HSAs and FSAs. And you think they are a good way to save money for and on medical expenses. And your employer offers both as part of its benefits plan. 

You’re in luck. You get to choose the option best suited to your needs. And yes, you do have to choose. Because you can’t contribute to an HSA and a Healthcare FSA at the same time. Let’s discover which account type will win in HSA vs FSA.

So how do you choose? To make the best decision for you and your family, consider the details of each account. And compare those to the realities of your family’s medical and financial needs.

To start, let's look at what these accounts have in common.

Health Savings Accounts (HSA) and Healthcare Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA) are pre-tax accounts. And are both used to pay for qualified, out-of-pocket medical expenses. These include, but aren’t limited to, copays, deductibles, coinsurance, and prescriptions. Because contributions are pre-tax, you can save up to 30% on those out-of-pocket expenses. Depending on your tax bracket.

How are HSAs and FSAs different? Account functionality and account holder requirements are different for the two account types. Let’s learn a little more about each account type.

## What is a Health Savings Account?

![how-to-choose-between-hsa-fsa](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/1JfvzE56bAaAExlGqDmfjd/eafd5bc19e833ef342e4349e4eb6f630/how-to-choose-between-hsa-fsa.jpg)

A [Health Savings Account](https://livelyme.com/what-is-hsa) is a kind of savings account that allows you to save for health care costs. And reduce your taxable income. In other words, HSAs are individually owned, tax-advantaged medical savings accounts. You can open one as an individual or as part of a family plan. As long as you and your family are enrolled in an HSA-eligible [High Deductible Health Plan](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-high-deductible-health-plan-hdhp/) (HDHP).

### What’s Considered an HSA-eligible Health Plan?

For 2021, the IRS considers HSA-eligible HDHPs to be [health plans](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide#qualifying-for-an-hsa-account) with a minimum deductible of $1,400 for individuals. And $2,800 for families. And a maximum out-of-pocket amount of $7,000 for individuals and $14,000 for families.

The IRS adjusts its allowed annual HSA contribution limits annually for inflation. Those limits for 2021 are $3,600 for individuals and $7,200 for families. If you have a [mid-year change](https://livelyme.com/hsa-contribution-limits-mid-year-changes) – like moving from self-only coverage to family coverage, or vice versa, then your annual contribution limit becomes prorated.

### How Does an HSA Work?

When you open your HSA, you choose how much you’d like to contribute annually. Then, your employer will deduct the appropriate amount from each paycheck. Your employer may choose to also contribute to your account. But they’re not required to.

If they do contribute, those contributions will count toward your [maximum annual limit](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide#maximizing-your-savings). Choose your individual contribution amount carefully. And keep in mind that contributions are cumulative. Otherwise, you could end up going over the annual contribution limit.

If you’re under the age of 65, you must use your contributions to pay for qualified medical expenses. These include, but are not limited to:

- Copays
- Coinsurance
- Deductibles
- Acupuncture
- Mental health treatment
- Prescriptions
- Medical supplies like [bandages](https://hsastore.com/SearchProducts.aspx?q=band+aid&utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Public+Proprietary+EL&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner), [crutches](https://hsastore.com/SearchProducts.aspx?q=crutches&utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Public+Proprietary+EL&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner), [joint braces](https://hsastore.com/SearchProducts.aspx?q=braces&utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Public+Proprietary+EL&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner), and more
- Hearing aids
- Dental health
- Vision tests

Want to see the full list of HSA-eligible expenses? Visit [What’s Eligible?](https://livelyme.com/whats-eligible/)

### How Age Affects HSA Use & Taxes

![age-affects-hsa-taxes](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/1mxiaR9se6IhBYokKGgsdd/86de5569ecab00a84ae82f763e30789e/age-affects-hsa-taxes.jpg)

If you’re under the age of 65 and use your contributions for qualified medical expenses, those funds are not subject to federal income tax. But, your state tax liability for contributions depends on your state.

If you choose to use the money for something other than qualified medical expenses, you will incur a 20% tax penalty. And have to pay income taxes on the misused money. After age 65, you can use your health savings on anything you want provided income tax is paid on the amount of the non-qualified disbursement.

## What is a Flexible Spending Account (FSA)?

A [Healthcare FSA](https://livelyme.com/what-is-a-healthcare-fsa), aka Healthcare Flexible Spending Account, is a spending account your employer makes available to pay for medical expenses with pre-tax dollars.

### How Does a Healthcare FSA Work?

If you decide you would like to open an FSA, the good news is that you don’t have to purchase a specific health plan. In fact, you don’t have to purchase any health plan.

But you must elect to participate during your employer’s open enrollment period. Or within 30 days of starting employment if you begin your job mid-year. Then, you select the amount you would like to contribute to your account at that time. Your employer will then deduct the appropriate amount from each paycheck.

Your employer can choose to contribute to your FSA but is not required to do so. And their contributions don’t count toward your annual max. Unfortunately, you can’t change this election at any point outside of open enrollment. Unless you’ve experienced a [qualifying life event](https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/qualifying-life-event/) like the birth of a child, death of a dependent, marriage, or divorce. 

![qualifying-life-event-fsa-contribution-amount](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/td25GiIFP70vewqfrlrSD/751854829eee489fc8a0c81fddb11efb/qualifying-life-event-fsa-contribution-amount.jpg)

You also lose any unused money at the end of the year. Unless your employer offers either the option to rollover $500 to next year’s account or a 2.5 month grace period during which you can use leftover funds. So choose your contribution amount carefully.

Like with HSAs, the IRS imposes an annual limit on FSA contributions that adjusts annually for inflation. For 2021 that limit is $2,750. Unlike HSAs, FSAs are only opened on an individual basis, so there are no “family plan” increases for annual contribution limits. But if both you and your spouse are offered the opportunity to take part in an FSA at work, you can do so and each can contribute up to the maximum allowed amount.

FSA funds can be used to pay for out-of-pocket medical, vision, and dental expenses not covered by your health insurance plan. Including, but not limited to:

- Copays
- Coinsurance
- Deductibles
- Acupuncture
- Mental health treatment
- Prescriptions
- Medical supplies like [bandages](https://fsastore.com/SearchProducts.aspx?q=bandages&utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Public+Proprietary+EL&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner), [crutches](https://fsastore.com/SearchProducts.aspx?q=crutches&utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Public+Proprietary+EL&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner), [joint braces](https://fsastore.com/SearchProducts.aspx?q=joint%20braces&utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Public+Proprietary+EL&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner), and more
- Hearing aids
- Dental health
- Vision tests

For a full list of medical expenses that you can use your FSA (or HSA funds) on, check out [Publication 502](https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-publication-502) from the IRS. You can also visit the [FSA Store](https://fsastore.com/?utm_source=Lively&utm_medium=TPA+Public+Proprietary+EL&utm_campaign=TPA+Partner).

## Choosing Between an HSA and Healthcare FSA

![choose-between-hsa-fsa](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/EqKcpDQS9JGMip8psYcVj/994cea7acae40c6fc14eecff7688fdfc/choose-between-hsa-fsa.jpg)

### Eligibilty Requirements

- __FSA:__ Only employers can establish an FSA plan for employees to contribute. Employees can open an FSA regardless of if they have a HDHP or not. Self-employed individuals cannot open an account.
- __HSA:__ Employees are eligible only if they have an [HSA-eligible HDHP](https://livelyme.com/hsa-guide#qualifying-for-an-hsa-account). Individuals are not dependent upon their employer to offer an HSA. And an HSA can be opened from the private market. Self-employed individuals can open an account.

### Contribution Sources & Changes

- __FSA:__ The contribution amount is chosen during open enrollment or at the time of a qualifying life event. And the contribution amount can not be changed outside of these two time periods.
- __HSA:__ You can change your contribution amount at any time, no major life event required. This gives you the flexibility to increase or decrease your contribution at any time. *__Multiple contribution sources:__* You can grow your HSA in multiple ways. Not only can you add money to your HSA, but your employer, relatives, or anyone who would like to contribute can help your HSA grow.

### Rollover Rules

- __FSA:__ Employers choose whether an employee can keep their unused funds or not. There are three options: *__Forfeit__*: Employee forfeits money, and employers get to keep it. *__Grace period__*: Employee has a 2.5 month grace period after the plan year ends to use on expenses. Any remaining money after the grace period is employer’s. *__Carryover__*: Employees can add up to $500 of unused funds to next year’s plan (in addition to contribution limit). Employers decide the carryover limit, and any funds over the limit are the employer’s.
- __HSA:__ Funds do not expire from year-to-year. Rollover money is in addition to the contribution limits. Money in your HSA can be carried with you and is available even if you change health insurance plans, get a new job, or retire. And funds left in your account grow tax-free through interest or any investment gains.

### Account Ownership

- __FSA__: An FSA is owned by the employer. Unused funds belong to employers, not the employee.
- __HSA__: Funds stay with you. One of the best perks of an HSA is that the money you save always stays with you because you own the account. If money is left in your HSA at the end of the year, it stays put. No scrambling around trying to find ways to spend the money before the timer runs out.

### Access to Money

![accessing-hsa-fsa-contributions](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/4lJ6EN6128M5SHmAuh8hzk/60301225072d2cec1be8a6e2fda926ca/accessing-hsa-fsa-contributions.jpg)

- __FSA:__ Money available from day one. Every penny you contribute to your FSA is available at the beginning of the benefit year. Or shortly after the first contribution is made. Say you add $2,000 to your FSA for the year, you’ll likely contribute about $80 per paycheck. Yet, the entire $2,000 is available to use at any time even though you only make small contributions during the year. Another perk? If you leave a position before the year is over, the money spent from your FSA doesn’t have to be paid back.
- __HSA:__ As the employee contributes to their plan. An employee only has access to what has actually been deposited into their HSA account.

### HSA: A Savings Asset

- *__After the age of 65, your HSA functions like any other retirement account.__* And you can use your HSA money on anything you wish. How does it differ from other retirement accounts? You don’t pay income taxes on money used for medical expenses. You do, however pay income taxes on money used for anything else.
- *__HSAs are assets you can pass on to your kin:__* If your spouse inherits the HSA, it retains its status as a retirement-like account. With the same rules and allowances as it had when you were the account holder. If you pass it on to someone other than your spouse, it stops being an HSA, and inheritance laws apply.

## Is an HSA or FSA Better for You?

![is-hsa-fsa-better](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/7dkm3u9Ez0B7z6r7ZndKdK/d746299a286d54387aae669880b9cbb2/is-hsa-fsa-better.jpg)

Deciding between an HSA and FSA depends on your medical and financial needs. The principal requirement for an HSA is enrollment in an HDHP. And while preventative care is covered before the deductible under HDHPs, most other care is not. That means you will have to pay for your medical expenses for you and your family out-of-pocket until you reach your deductible.

An HSA-eligible HDHP makes the most sense in two cases. First, if you or one of your family members has a condition that needs managing by either a specialist or with speciality prescriptions or treatments. In this case, you’ll likely exceed the deductible and be able to use HSA funds to save up 30% on out-of-pocket medical costs.

Secondly, if you rarely use the medical system except for routine preventative care (that includes vaccines and well visits for children) and really want the ability to use your pre-tax account as an investment vehicle to save for retirement. Then, an HSA/HDHP arrangement may be the best choice for you.

To make the best decision for you and your family, start by assessing your past medical needs and those you can project. Then take a look at your finances. Choose the account and health insurance plan arrangement that sits at the nexus of best health coverage and account flexibility.

hsa-vs-fsa

An HSA and FSA provide up to 30% savings on out-of-pocket healthcare expenses. But you can’t contribute to both at the same time. Let’s explore each account type to help you decide which wins in HSA vs FSA.

HSA vs FSA: How to Choose Between an HSA and Healthcare FSA

pexels-photo-259363.jpeg

Paying for out-of-pocket medical expenses with an HSA and paying lower premiums with higher deductible heath care is better than a PPO plan.

HDHP HSA vs PPO Plans: Which is better for healthcare?

HDHP HSA vs PPO: Is HSA or PPO Better?

Editor’s note: An earlier, and shorter version of this [blog post](https://livelyme.com/what-does-it-mean-to-reimburse-myself-with-my-hsa) was previously published. We published this update to help you learn about HSA reimbursement rules and choose the best timing for your reimbursements. Plus, learn how delaying reimbursement can build wealth and security in retirement.

---

When you have a medical expense there are two ways of paying. You can either 1) swipe your [Lively Visa debit card](https://www.benefitnews.com/news/lively-visa-partner-on-debit-processing-hsa) at the time of purchase, or 2) reimburse yourself later. 

What does it mean to “reimburse” yourself with your Health Savings Account (HSA)? It means paying out-of-pocket for an HSA-qualified medical expense and then using money from your HSA to pay yourself back. This can be done even if you don’t have money in the account the day the expense incurred, and at any time in the future. Whether you reimburse yourself now⁠—or later⁠—has some interesting benefits.

## Paid for a Medical Expense Out-of-Pocket? What’s Next?

As long as the qualifying medical expense was made after the establishment of your HSA, you can use your HSA to pay yourself back for your out-of-pocket expense. And while it isn’t required that you submit receipts to be reimbursed from your HSA, we recommend it in case of an IRS audit. 

### Know What Qualifies as an HSA-Eligible Medical Expense

There are thousands of HSA qualified medical expenses. Expenses are likely pretty obvious if you’re at the doctor’s, having an eye exam, or at a dentist appointment. But what about over-the-counter products like sunscreen, prenatal vitamins, or contact lens cleaning solution? 

Use “[What’s Eligible](https://livelyme.com/whats-eligible/)” to find qualifying medical expenses without the requirement of a doctor’s note, with a prescription, or with a doctor’s letter. Better yet; let Lively’s Expense Scout do the searching for you.

### Expense Scout

Don’t spend your time scanning receipts trying to find your HSA-eligible medical expenses. 

Instead, use Lively’s [Expense Scout](https://livelyme.com/expense-scout/) to scan and alert you of potential HSA-eligible expenses from linked external accounts. Like your personal debit card or credit cards. Expense Scout prompts you to a list of expenses for review. Then you have the option to reject or submit them⁠—with receipt—for reimbursement, now or later.

## Document All Medical Expenses

![document-all-expenses](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/4FopIwi9mrF1zEqiMZQpxi/aadc96e2bbe2ec9a3e7426a5a4f48b6d/document-all-expenses.jpg)

To justify spending money on a qualified medical expense, you should keep or track your expense receipts. Receipts should be kept for as long as your tax return is open and subject to an audit; usually three years. Or as long as your HSA is open. Whichever is longer.

Some HSA companies (like Lively) offer digital receipt filing so you can document your receipts without having to save piles of receipts. This is helpful if you plan on paying for out-of-pocket expenses and reimbursing yourself “20 years” from now. But, more on that hack in a bit. 

### Records to Keep in Case of an IRS Audit 

It’s best to save a copy of your health insurance carrier’s Explanation of Benefits (EOB) in case the IRS audits you. This documents the expenses for services covered under your High-Deductible Health Plan (HDHP). You should also keep receipts for all products or services you paid for.

In case of an [IRS audit](https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-publication-969), you need to have records that prove:

- Distributions were to pay or reimburse qualified medical expenses,
- Qualified medical expenses had not been paid or reimbursed from another source, and
- The medical expenses had not been taken as an itemized deduction in any year. 

When you choose to be reimbursed for an eligible medical expense that’s called a __distribution__.

If you take a distribution your HSA provider will send you [Form 1099-SA](https://livelyme.com/what-is-irs-tax-form-1099-sa). You should be prepared to file [Form 8889](https://livelyme.com/irs-tax-form-8889) with your annual taxes. If there’s something that doesn’t match between forms 1099-SA and 8889, resolve it before filing your taxes. Keep reading to learn how HSA distributions are taxed and reported.

## When Can I Reimburse Myself for an Out-of-Pocket Expense?

![when-hsa-reimbursement](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/2DcikyDJz1nLL4z6MHOCy1/36828f85b62ccab059de8b6a9336d31b/when-hsa-reimbursement.jpg)

You can reimburse yourself __anytime__. 

Today, tomorrow, or 20 years from now. The only rule is that your HSA was established at the time that the expense was incurred (date of service). And that the expense was not reimbursed in any other way. 

This is one of the reasons why knowing the exact date of the establishment of your HSA is important. You cannot be reimbursed for expenses that were incurred prior to that date.

Did you know that you can also reimburse yourself for expenses even if you are no longer eligible to contribute to an HSA? That’s because the use of your funds is not tied to HSA eligibility. Once you add money to your HSA, it’s yours. And it can be used at any time in the future.

## Want More Money in Retirement? Reimburse Yourself Later

One of the major financial benefits of an HSA is that you can choose to reimburse yourself anytime. This gives you the opportunity to save the funds in your account. It also provides the opportunity to increase interest earned or provide more time for invested funds to grow.

Many people choose to pay for medical expenses out-of-pocket and reimburse themselves later. Since there’s no reimbursement deadline, you can choose to reimburse yourself years later. Even during retirement.

This requires you to save your receipts and invoices for reimbursement. In the event that you ever get audited by the IRS, they will ask for proof. If you’re unable to provide those records, you would have to pay regular income tax plus a 20% penalty on your reimbursements.

## How HSA Distributions Are Taxed and Reported

![hsa-distribution-tax](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/1Qp2iGiBLoBkr48xsxV81z/ad237aa0e2034eae881b12050d5fa8c8/hsa-distribution-tax.jpg)

If you use your HSA to buy a qualified medical expense, you will not have to pay income taxes on those funds. If you use your HSA for something other than a qualified medical expense, that distribution is taxable income. And you can be subject to a 20 percent penalty for early withdrawal. When an HSA account holder reaches the age of 65 or becomes disabled, they are no longer subjected to that 20 percent penalty.

In terms of reporting HSA tax information, the HSA trustee or custodian keeps all reports of distributions. The trustee then shares that information to the account owner through IRS Form 1099-SA. HSA account holders are responsible for reporting their own distributions to the IRS through Tax Form 8889. It’s recommended that HSA owners keep records of all their distributions, in the event, they ever become audited by the IRS.

## Reimbursement in Action

### Real-Life Example: When Your HSA is Low in Funds 

James recently got a new job and has a variety of health plans to choose from. He decides on a high-deductible health plan so that he can take advantage of his employer’s HSA contributions. Upon opening his account, he deposits a dollar to establish his account. 

A few weeks after opening his account, James gets into an accident and sprains his ankle. Since he doesn’t have those funds in his HSA yet, he pays for his treatment out-of-pocket. He saves his receipts with a digital receipt organizer, so he can reimburse himself later.

Fast forward to a year from then. James now has enough money in his HSA to pay himself back for those out-of-pocket expenses. Because he kept such diligent records, he was able to reimburse himself with his HSA.

He reports this information to the IRS using IRS Tax Form 8889. If James did not report his distribution to the IRS correctly, the money he withdrew could receive a 20% tax penalty. Since James saved his receipts, he won’t have to pay this penalty. And he receives the tax-free benefits from using his HSA for qualified medical expenses.

### Real-Life Example: Your Savings Strategy

![hsa-reimbursement-wealth-building](//images.ctfassets.net/6j8y907dne6i/6R7cjd9se6Xrgawi2jo8UB/6d65ef236dfdd131080e9af01ae762b8/hsa-reimbursement-wealth-building.jpg)

Juliet is a smart, money-savvy individual and she wants to get the most out of her HSA when she retires. She enrolls in an HDHP for several years and also maxes out her HSA every year. When she needs to pay for a health-related expense, she pays out-of-pocket. She tracks her health expenses by taking pictures of her receipts and logging them into Lively App to reimburse herself later.

Fast-forward to years from now when Juliet is in retirement. Since she hasn’t withdrawn any of the money in her HSA, she was able to earn more interest with her higher account balance. And even earned more through investing some of her funds. 

Juliet has diligently logged years’ worth of glasses, contacts, prescriptions, and other qualified health-related expenses into her account. Which, when added together totals thousands of dollars. She chooses this opportunity to finally reimburse herself for those expenses with her HSA. And uses those funds to help her travel during retirement.

## Reimbursing Yourself For Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenses with Lively

Have a couple of out-of-pocket expenses that you can use your HSA for? Here’s how you can reimburse yourself through the [Lively app](https://livelyme.com/app/):

1. Access your Lively account through our online portal, iOS, or Android App.
2. Navigate to “Transactions” in the menu or click on “+ Expense.”
3. Choose “Add Expense: For purchases made using your personal fund.”
4. Enter the amount of the medical expense, who the merchant/provider was, and the date you made the purchase or started receiving service.
5. Choose “Get Reimbursed Later” or “Process Immediately.” 
6. Add a receipt by taking a photo or uploading an image.
7. Click the “Submit” button.

This process is quick and easy, and you’ll have those funds in your account within 2-3 business days. 

We suggest taking a picture of all of the receipts you have for your healthcare expenses so you can keep them attached to your transactions within your Lively account. Having your information ready to go makes using your HSA simple.






hsa-reimbursement-rules

Learn about HSA reimbursement rules: How to efficiently track expenses in case of an IRS audit, how distributions are taxed, and how to determine whether to delay reimbursements as part of a wealth-building and retirement strategy.